စစ်​တ​ကောင်းနွယ်​များအရေးနှင့် ပတ်သက်သော အရပ်ရပ် စာရွက်စာတမ်းများ၊ စာအုပ်များ၊ web links များ

International Court of Justice

1. Website of the International Court of Justice – Gambia v Myanmar

2. Genocide: Gambia to file case against Myanmar at ICJ” – The Daily Star 20 October 2019

3. PQ UK House of Commons 23 October 2019 

4. “Unofficial” press release on the ICJ website – 11 November 2019

5. Text of the lawsuit  on the ICJ website – 11 November 2019

6. Analysis Brief by the International Commission of Jurists – 5 December 2019

7. Public Hearings 10-12 December 2019 ICJ The Hague – official verbatim transcripts

8. Transcript of Aung San Suu Kyi’s address to the ICJ on 12 December 2019

9. Joint Statement by Canada and The Netherlands on support for Gambia – 19 December 2019

10. PQ UK House of Commons – 9 January 2020

11. PQ UK House of Commons – 13 January 2020

12. Order of the ICJ on Provisional Measures – 23 January 2020

13. ICJ Press Release on the Occasion of the ICJ Order – 23 January 2020

14. Separate Opinion of Vice-President Xue – 23 January 2020

15. Separate Opinion of Judge Cançado Trindade – 23 January 2020 

16. Declaration of Judge ad hoc Kress – 23 January 2020

17. Summary of the Order on Provisional Measures – 23 January 2020

18. Press Release by the Myanmar Ministry of Foreign Affairs – 23 January 2020

19. Statement by the EU Spokesperson on the ICJ Order – 23 January 2020

20. Statement attributable to the UN Secretary-General – 23 January 2020

21. The Maldives to file declaration of intervention – 25 February 2020

22. Foreign Ministers of Maldives and The Gambia discuss intervention – 25 March 2020

23. Joint Statement by Canada and The Netherlands on Intention – 2 September 2020

24. The Maldives welcomes the Canada-Netherlands Joint Statement – 4 September 2020

25. PQ House of Commons – 24 November 2020

26. Adoption of New Article on Monitoring Provisional Measures – 21 December 2020

ICJ Opinion and Commentary

1. Challenges for the ICJ in the Reliance on UN F-FM Reports: Michael Becker 14 December 2019

2. The Court indicates Provisional Measures – Priya Pillai 21 January 2020

3. Genocide Case against Myanmar at the ICJ – DLA Piper analysis – 24 January 2020

4. Center for Global Policy: “No Place for Optimism”  May 2020. A preview of Myanmar’s Report

5. Opinion in “Just Security” – Five articles on Gambia v. Myanmar at the ICJ : July 2020

6 The Republic of The Gambia v Facebook Inc – Priya Pillai 8 August 2020

7. Facebook wanted to be a force for good in Myanmar… – Matthew Smith Time 18 August 2020

8. Canada and The Netherlands: New Intervention – Priya Pillai 3 September 2020

11. Genocide Allegations and Provisional Measures in Gambia v Myanmar – Michael A Becker

12. Burma Rohingya Organisation UK – November 2020 Briefing: “Dereliction of Duty” 

13. Incidental Proceedings likely to follow in Gambia v Myanmar: Kawser Ahmed 20 Nov 2020

14. Letter from Rushanara Ali MP and Jeremy Hunt MP to Dominic Raab 17 December 2020

15. Notes by Derek Tonkin on this letter – 6 January 2021

International Criminal Court

1. Jurisdiction over alleged deportation of Rohingya people: Request granted 6 September 2018

2. Partially dissenting opinion by Judge Marc Perrin de Brichambaut 6 September 2018

3. Statement by Adama Dieng, UN Special Adviser on Genocide: 7 September 2018

4. Press Statement by the Office of the President on the ICC decision: 7 September 2018

5. John Bolton theatens sanctions against the ICC: The Hill 10 September 2018

6. Fatou Bensouda requests ICC authorisation to commence investigation in Afghanistan – 2017

7. ‘Bangkok Post’ Editorial: ICC’s leap in the dark – 10 September 2018

8. Statement by Fatou Bensouda on opening a preliminary investigation – 18 September 2018

9. Article by Haydee Dijkstal on the ICC decision in the ASIL “Insights” – 26 November 2018

10. Statement at the Conclusion of Visit by Office of the ICC Prosecutor 6-11 March 2019

11. ICC Decision on the on the Constitution of Pre-Trial Chamber III – 25 June 2019

12. Statement by the Prosecution seeking authorisation to proceed with an investigation – 4 July 2019

13. Decision on requests for leave to submit amicus curiae observations – 14 November 2019

14. ICC authorises opening of an investigation into the situation in B’desh/Myanmar – 14 November 2019

15. Decision on the authorisation of an investigation into the situation – 14 November 2019

16. ICC Case Documents and Overview – Bangladesh/Myanmar

17. Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court

18. Rules of Procedure and Evidence of the International Criminal Court

Independent Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar mandated by the UN Human Rights Council

1. Resolution 34/22 2017 of the Human Rights Council

2. Advance Unedited Version of the Fact-Finding Mission Report – 24 August 2018

3. Press Release by the OHCHR – 27 August 2018

4. UK FCO Minister Mark Field comments on the Report – 27 August 2018

5. Report of the Fact-Finding Mission – 12 September 2018

6. Final Report of the detailed findings of the Fact-Finding Mission – 17 September 2018

7. OHCHR Press Notice on the occasion of the release of the F-FM Report – 18 September 2018

8. Resolution of the UN HRC on Myanmar at their 39th Session – 25 September 2018

9. Resolution adopted by the HRC – 27 September 2018

10. UN Report raises troubling questions: Raphel G Boutnik-Chen Algemeiner 10 October 2018

11. UN Press Release about discussion at the 8381st meeting of the UNSC 24 October 2018

12. Record of 8381st meeting of the UNSC 24 October 2018

13. Edith Lederer reports for AP on Press Conference and UNSC Meeting 25 October 2018

14. Speech by Radhika Coomaraswamy on the Rohingya question 3 May 2018

15. Critical comments on this speech by Derek Tonkin 21 December 2018

16. Mission urges finananical isolation of Myanmar military – 14 May 2019

17. The Economic Interests of the Myanmar Military – 5 August 2019

18. Report of the Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar – 7 August 2019

19 Report of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar – 8 August 2019

20. Sexual and gender-based violence in Myanmar – 22 August 2019

21. Myanmar’s Rohingya living under threat of Genocide, UN experts say – 16 September 2019

22. Statement to the HRC by the Chair of the IIF-FM Marzuki Darusman – 17 September 2019

23. OHCHR Compendium of Reports by the Fact-Finding Commission

Independent Investigative Mission for Myanmar

Mandate, Documentation, Press Releases, Statements – OHCHR Website

IIMM dedicated website established July 2020

“Universal Jurisdiction” lawsuit filed in Argentina 

BROUK and other organisations file lawsuit in Argentina: RFA – 4 November 2019

Independent Commission of Enquiry (ICOE) to examine alleged Human Rights Violations

                          Website of the Independent Commission of Enquiry

1. Press Release No. 8/2018 by the Office of the President – 30 July 2018

2. Press Release No. 9/2018 by the Office of the President – 9 August 2018

3. International Commission of Jurists: ICOE cannot deliver justice or accountability – 7 Sep 2018

4. Rakhine Enquiry to focus on evidence, not fake news: Myanmar Times 14 December 2018

5. Press Release by the ICOE on the Submission of their Final Report – 20 January 2020

6. Press Release by the Office of the President on the ICOE Report – GNLM 21 January 2020

7. Executive Summary of the ICOE Report released on 21 January 2020

8. Press Release by the Office of the Attorney-General – GNLM 22 January 2020

9. Press Release by the Tatmadaw – GNLM 23 January 2020

10. Local EU Statement on Accountability for International Crimes – 27 January 2020

11. Annexes  16-28 of the ICOE’s Final Report released on 25 January 2020

12. Article in the Financial Times by Aung San Suu Kyi on the ICOE Report – 23 January 2020

13. ICOE staffer embroiled in conflict of interest – Frontier Myanmar 29 January 2020

14. Presidential Directive No. 2/2020 on the Preservation of Evidence – 8 April 2020

15  ‘The Irrawaddy’ reports on the Presidential Directive – 9 April 2020

16. Announcement by Union Attorney-General’s Office re ICOE prosecutions – 15 May 2020

17. Press Release by the Attorney-General’s Office on the ICOE Final Report – 23 November 2020

Advisory Board for the Implementation of Recommendations on Rakhine State

1. Press Release by the Office of the State Counsellor – 25 January 2018

2. Statement by Gov. Bill Richardson on his resignation from the Board – 24 January 2018

3. Interview with Chairman Dr Surakiart Sathirathai: GNLM – 29 January 2018

4. How the Suu Kyi – Richardson clash unfolded: The Irrawaddy – 1 February 2018

5. ASEAN Focus Mar /Apr 2018 – Interview with Dr Surakiart Sathirathai: Insider View

6. Dr  Surakiart refutes criticism by Secretary Kobsak – Reuters 22 July 2018

7. Rakhine State Advisory Board submits its final report – GNLM 17 August 2018

8. Advisory Board holds Press Conference in Nay Pyi Taw – Presidential Office 17 August 2018

Advisory Commission on Rakhine State: September 2016 – August 2017

1. Final Report August 2017

2. Overview of Key Points of Final Report

3. News Release about Final Report

4. Remarks by Kofi Annan, Chairman of the Advisory Commission

5. Annan Advisory Commission Interim Report and Recommendations – March 2017

6. Myanmar Government welcomes Annan Advisory Commission Interim Report

International Crisis Group

1. Identity Crisis: Ethnicity and Conflict in Myanmar – 28 August 2020
2. Rebooting Myanmar’s Stalled Peace Process – 19 June 2020
3. [Assessing the Peace Process – EBO Commentary on the ICG analysis of 19 June 2020]
4. Politics and Armed Conflict in Myanmar’s Rakhine State – 9 June 2020
5. A Sustainable Policy for Rohingya Refugees in Bangladesh – 27 December 2019
6. Myanmar: A Violent Push to Shake Up Ceasefire Negotiations – 24 September 2019
7. Peace and Electoral Democracy in Myanmar – 6 August 2019
8. A New Dimension of Violence in Rakhine State – 24 January 2019
9. Myanmar’s Stalled Transition – 28 August 2018
10. Rohingya Crisis Enters a Dangerous New Phase – 7 December 2017
11. Rohingya Crisis: A Major Threat to Transition and Regional Stability – October 2017
12. Buddhism and State Power in Myanmar – September 2017
13. Building Critical Mass for Peace in Myanmar – June 2017
14. Myanmar: A new Muslim Insurgency in Rakhine State – February 2017
15. Myanmar’s New Government: Finding its Feet? – July 2016
16. The Myanmar Elections: Results and Implications – December 2015
17. Myanmar: The Politics of Rakhine State – October 2014 
18. Violence against Muslims in Myanmar – October 2013
19. Myanmar – Storm clouds on the horizon – November 2012

Jacques Leider

1. Territorial Dispossession and Persecution in Northern Arakan 1942-43 – TOAEP Bief 2020
2. The ‘Chittagonians’ in  Arakan”. Film record of a lecture in Yangon – 16 November 2019
3. From Arakan Mahomedans to Muslim Rohingyas – Towards an archive of naming practices – 2018
4. Conflict and Violence in Arakan: the 1942 events and political identity formation – Feb 2017
5. King Manh Co Mvan’s Exile in Bengal: Legend, History and Context: JL and Kyaw Minn Htin
6. Identität und historisches Bewusstsein – October 2014
7. Presentation on the conquest of Arakan – March 2013
8. The political project of the Rohingyas – October 2012

2016-2020

1. The Reiligious Landscape in Myanmar’s Rakhine State – Melyn McKay – USIP – August 2019
2. Report into UN Involvement in Myanmar 2010-2018 – Gert Rosenthal – 29 May 2019
3. “They gave them long swords” – Preparations for genocide: Fortify Rights July 2018
4. MISIS Background Paper on Rakhine State – Final Version 28 May 2018
5. Pyithu Hluttaw discusses classification of ethnic nationals – GNLM 6 February 2018
6. Contexts of the ‘Rohingya issue’: Hans-Bernd Zöllner – 2017
7. “Myanmar: Caged without a Roof”: Amnesty International 21 November 2017
8. Speech by Daw Aung San Suu Kyi in Naypyitaw 19 September 2018
9. Text of Email from Derek Tonkin analysing the 1973 Census
10. US State Department Atrocities Prevention Report on Da’esh and Burma

2010-2015

1. Genocide in Myanmar? ESRC December 2015
2. International State Crime Initiative Queen Mary London: Genocide in Myanmar October 2015
3. Rapid descent into genocide in Myanmar? RCUK 2015
4. Yale University Law School Clinic: Is genocide occurring in Rakhine State? October 2015
5. The Politics of Ethnicity in Myanmar today: Robert H Taylor – ISEAS Perspective March 2015
6. Ethnicity Codes used during the 2014 Census in Myanmar
7. Formation of the concept of Myanmar Muslims as indigenous citizens – Saito Ayako -2014
8. A critique of “The slow-burning genocide” – Derek Tonkin 2016
9. Myanmar to reexamine divisive birth rule: RFA – 31 May 2013

1990 – 2009

1. Muslim Immigration into Arakan and their Political Movements – Myint Thein 2009
2. Salience of ethnicity among Burman Muslims – Khin Maung Yin 2005
3. Burma’s Muslims: Terrorists or Terrorised? Andrew Selth ANU SDSC – 2003
4. The Muslims of Arakan – Moshe Yegar (Israel) – 2002
5. Michael W Charney: Theories and Histiography of the Religious Basis of Ethnonyms – 2005
6. Michael W Charney: Doctoral Thesis on Arakan 15th – 19th Centuries – 1999   
7. Michael W Charney: MA Thesis – Arakan, Min Yazagyi and the Portuguese – 1993
8. The Muslim population in Arakan – Peter Nicolaus, Senior Repatriation Officer, 1995
9. Text of Bangladesh-Myanmar Joint Statement of 28 April 1992

1959 – 1989

1. The Problem of the Burmese Muslims: Mujtaba Razvi – Pakistan Horizon 1978
2. The Muslims of Burma – Moshe Yegar (Israel), Heidelberg University 1972
3. The Crescent in the East – Moshe Yegar 1989 – The Muslims of Burma
4. A critique of the eight articles listed below by U Ba Tha: Derek Tonkin October 2015
5. Akyab, the Capital of Arakan – U Tha Htu: The Guardian August 1963
6. The Mayu Frontier Administrative Area – U Tha Htu: The Guardian February 1962
7. Arakan Muslims ask for Constitutional Safeguards – The Nation 27 October 1960

1750 – 1958

1. Articles on “The State of Arakan” by “ASMI” (U Thaung Myine): Guardian Monthly 1954
2. Extract on Arakan Muslims from the third article by “ASMI” – October 1954
3. The 1953-54 Census. Background Article (1954) by UN Census Advisor to Burma Milton D Lieberman
4. Extracts from the Report of the First Stage Census of 1953
5. Charter of Constitutional Demands of Arakani Muslims – 1951 
6. Article in ‘The Scotsman’: Michael Davidson Special Correspondent – 18 May 1949
7. Central Arakanese Muslim Refugee Organisation: Two Resolutions in 1949  
8. Address by the Jamiat Ul Ulema North Arakan on 25 October 1948 to Prime Minister U Nu
9. Text of Memorandum by the Jamait Ul Ulema to the Burmese Government – 18 June 1948
10. Representations in 1947 to Arthur Bottomley (PUS)  by the Jamiat Ul Ulema, and related papers
11. Related to No. 5: Notification No. 110 A-CC/42 dated 31 December 1942
12. A Buddhist account of violence against Buddhists in Northern Arakan in 1942
13. Notes on Arakan 1834-1844 – Rev. GS Comstock American Baptist Missionary
14. Francis Buchanan in Southeast Bengal 1798 – Willem van Schendel 1992
15. Extracts from van Schendel’s account

Du Chee Yar Tan Investigation Commission Report February 2014

1. Full report in Burmese by the Investigation Commission (110 pages – 6.65 MB)
2. Extract – UN “Confidential Incident Report” in English (Pages 75-80)
3. Summary Report in English of the Du Chee Yar Tan Incident
4. Appointment of Investigation Commission – New Light of Myanmar
5. Leaked Documents and UN Failure to Protect – Emanuel Stoakes – 22 May 2016
6. An uncorroborated Report on the Incident from a private source (1)
7. Another uncorroborated Report on the Incident from the same private source (2)

Rakhine Commission Report April 2013 and related documents

1. Executive Summary of the Special Commission’s Report issued on 22 April 2013
2. List of detailed recommendations made in the Report released on 22 April 2013
3. Final Report of the Commission of Inquiry in English dated 8 July 2013
4. OHCHR internal report on the disturbances and on the humanitarian response – April 2013 
5. Abbot of Shwe Zaydi tells US Dep Asst Sec Joseph Yun about the status of Bengalis – 2012
6. Statement on 12 July 2012 after a meeting with UNHCR Antonio Guterres on 11 July 2012
7. Another version of this statement from webarchive.com accessed 24 December 2019

Human Rights Watch, Fortify Rights and Physicians for Human Rights

1. Patterns of anti-Muslim violence – Physicians for Human Rights August 2013
2. Policies of Persecution – Fortify Rights February 2014 [45 MB download]
3. “All you can do is pray” – Human Rights Watch April 2013
4. Previously unpublished interview with William Schabas: Fortify Rights – 6 March 2020
5. Interview with William Schabas: YouTube – 6 March 2020

Khin Maung Saw

1. Geopolitics of the Powers and Bengali Problems in Burma – Khin Maung Saw 2014
2. Islamanisation of Burma through Chittagonian Bengalis – Khin Maung Saw 2011

Dr Aye Chan

1. Burma’s Western Border 1947-1975 – Dr Aye Chan, Kanda Journal Vol.2, 2011
2. The development of a Muslim enclave in Arakan – Dr Aye Chan, SOAS May 2005
3. The illegal Muslims in Arakan – Dr Aye Chan and Shwe Zan 2005

British Records and Reminiscences 

1. Record of call on Bangladeshi Ambassador in Rangoon – 23 December 1975
2. Malayan Spymaster: Boris Hembry – The meaning of “CFs” in Arakan – 2011
3. Letter from British Ambassador Rangoon to London about Burma-Bangladesh 14 January 1972
4. The Raiders of Arakan [1943-45]: CE Lucas Phillips 1971
5. Abolition of the Frontier Areas Administration: Letter from Rangoon 12 October 1965
6. Despatch on visit to Burma by Pakistan Foreign Minister: – 1964
7. British Embassy Rangoon – Letter on immigration initialled FA Warner 21 January 1958
8. The Mujahid rebellion in Arakan: Professor R B Pearn Foreign Office 1952
9. The British Military Administration of North Arakan 1942-43: Peter Murray
10. A 1949 UK Foreign Office perspective on the troubles in Arakan
11. Full Report of the Frontier Areas Committee of Enquiry 1947
12. Return to Arakan 1944-45: Memoirs of Robert Mole 
13. Descriptions of the Inhabitants of the Arakan – Annex to DIS No 349 of 29 August 1943
14. Extract from Anthony Irwin’s ‘Burma Outpost’ Arakan 1942

British Census Records and Reports 1872-1941

1. Miscellaneous Annual Reports on the Administration of British Burma
2. Summary Record of 1941 Census only – detailed records did not survive the 1941-1945 War
3. Report on Indian Immigration – Financial Secretary James Baxter – 1941
4. Final Report of the (1938 anti-Muslim) Riot Inquiry Committee :1939 –  Pages on Arakan
5. Report of the Royal Commission on Labour in India: Vol. X Burma – 1931
6. An Account of Indians in the 1931 Census, Chapter XII
7. 1931 Census – Part I: Report
8. 1931 Census – Part II: Imperial and Provincial Tables
9. Population of Arakan Townships classified by Race in the 1931 Census (Provincial Table II)
10. Population of Arakan Townships classified by Religion in the 1921 Census (Provincial Table II)
11. Tables on Race and Language in the 1931 Census
12. 1921 Census – Part I: Report
13. 1921 Census – Part II:  Imperial and Provincial Tables
14. Tables on Race and Language in the 1921 Census
15. Chapter 11 on Race and Caste from the 1921 Census
16. Report (Volume I) of the 1911 Census
17. Report (Volume II – Imperial and Provincial Tables) of the 1911 Census
18. Report (Volume I) of the 1901 Census
19. Report (Volume II – Imperial Tables) of the 1901 Census
20. Report (Volume III – Provincial Tables Lower Burma) of the 1901 Census
21. Report (Volume IV – Provincial Tables Upper Burma) of the 1901 Census
22. Report (Volume I) of the 1891 Census
23. Report (Volume II – Imperial Tables) of the 1891 Census
24. Report (Volume III – Provincial Tables Lower Burma) of the 1891 Census
25. Report (Volume IV – Provincial Tables Upper Burma) of the 1891 Census
26. Report of the 1881 Census
27. Report of the 1872 Census
28. Memorandum on the Census of British India 1871-72 (HMSO)

British Gazeteers and Other Reports

1. 1917 Gazetteer of Akyab (Sittwe + Maungdaw Districts): R B Smart – Volume A
2. 1912 Tables in Volume B of the Akyab Gazetteer
3. 1912 Gazetteer of Sandoway (Thandwe): W B Tydd – Volume A
4. 1924 Tables in Volume B of the Sandoway Gazetteer
5. Extract from the 1908 Gazetteer of Chittagong: Lewis Sydney Steward O’Malley
6. Note on Population  Growth 1826-72: J S Furnivall – Colonial Policy 1948
7. Arakan: Past-Present-Future: John Ogilvy Hay 1892
8. Extract on “Magh” from “The Tribes and Castes of Bengal” Herbert Risley 1891
9. Akyab – Extracts from “Settlement” reports of 1901-2 and 1913-17
10. Emigration from Bengal to Burma: The Nolan Report of 1888
11. Akyab – Settlement (land rental) report for the 1885-86 season
12. Akyab – Settlement (land rental) report for the 1886-87 season
13. Akyab – Settlement (land rental) report for the 1887-88 season
14. Akyab-Tenerassim-Pegu: Revenue Settlement for the Season 1867-68
15. British Burma Gazetteer Vol II 1879 – Selected pages on Aykyab town and district
16. Account of Arakan: Lieut. Phayre Senior Assistant Commissioner – JAS Vol. 117 – 1841
17. General Remarks on the Coast of Arracan: Captain Laws HMS Satellite RGSL 1831
18. Political Incidents of the First Burmese War: TC Robertson – Google Play
19. Charles Paton: Aracan – Asiatic Researches Volume XVI 1828
20. Sub-Commissioner Charles Paton: A Short Report on Arakan 1826 – Scribd
21. An Account of Arakan: Major RE Roberts June 1777

Miscellaneous Records and Reports

1. Muslim population growth and migration from Bangladesh – Ash Center Harvard
2. A Short History of Myanmar Muslims – Dr Myint Thein 2012 (in Burmese)
3. The Crescent in Arakan: Moshe Yegar (date unknown) – Kaladan Press 2006
4. Current state of infiltration into Arakan – Major Hla Myaing 1983 (in Burmese)

Legal and Linguistic

1955-2015 

1. Interpretations of Burmese words: ‘kala’ (‘kula’): Khin Maung Saw – Moemaka January 2016
2. Chittagonian: Dialect, Language or Semi-Language? M A Hoque December 2015
3. Pyithu Hluttaw statement on origins of the 135 national races – 27 February 2013
4. List of 135 national races – published in Working People’s Daily on 26 September 1990
5. Speech by Gen Saw Maung setting out national race philosophy – 5 July 1989
6. 1983 Census Report – All-Union
7. 1983 Census Report – Rakhine State
8. List of 144 ethnicities approved for the 1973 Census
9. Short List of 144 ethnicities
10. Text of Email from Derek Tonkin analysing the 1973 Census
11. 1973 Census Report: Appendix on Arakan – Burmese language only.
12. 1973 Census Report – Burmese language only
13. An analysis of the 1973 Census: M. Israel Khin Maung – E.W Population Institute 1986
14. A comparison of the 1973 and 1983 Censuses – S Gunasekaran and Mya Than 1988

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Source: Network Myanmar

link => http://www.networkmyanmar.org/Arakan.html

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